3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End
May 18 is celebrated as the World HIV Vaccine Day. Besides being commemorated, the day was also used to increase public awareness of the importance of carrying out an HIV vaccine. The concept of an HIV vaccine day is based on the speech of former American president Bill Clinton on May 18, 1997 at Morgan State University .
Research on the HIV vaccine itself began in 3.5 decades ago, precisely in 1984. Throughout that time, there has been a lot of research and development about HIV vaccines. Want to know more? Check out the explanation from beginning to end!
1. 1984: The year in which HIV vaccines began to be developed
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End acadienouvelle.com
The development of an HIV vaccine has taken a long and winding process. This was started from the discovery of the HIV virus as a trigger for AIDS in 1983-1984, researchers then began to develop vaccines to ward off the virus.
In that year, many people believed that vaccines could be developed easily, since at that time technology in the health sector had grown rapidly, according to a journal published on the website of the US National Library of Medicine National Institute of Health .
However, this is not in line with expectations, because most virus vaccines are based on immunity that reacts to protect the body. Meanwhile, in AIDS, virus-induced immunity is unable to prevent re-infection and is not efficient in slowing down the development of the disease.
2. 1987: Clinical testing of HIV vaccines for the first time
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End svt.se
Three years later, precisely in 1987, the first HIV vaccine trial was held. This clinical trial was first opened at the National Institute of Health Clinic (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland. In this first phase of the trial, there were 138 healthy and HIV negative volunteers, said the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases page .
After the vaccine is successfully implemented, it is found that there are no serious side effects. This vaccine trial seeks information about safety, vaccine side effects and provides data on vaccine immunogenicity, including the exact dosage and schedule, explained the AIDS Info page. This phase 1 trial lasts up to two years before moving on to the next stages.
3. 1992: Trial HIV vaccine phase 2 begins
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End la-croix.com
After a successful trial of the first stage of the vaccine, in 1992 the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) carried out the second phase of the trial. This trial involved volunteers who were detected as HIV negative, but with a history of high-risk behavior. Such as injection drug users, have multiple sex partners to have sexually transmitted infections, explained NIAID .
In the second phase of the trial involved 137 volunteers and wanted to examine whether the HIV vaccine was beneficial for people infected with the virus and had a history of high-risk behavior, said AIDS Info. In addition, volunteers are also counseled repeatedly to avoid behaviors that put them at risk for HIV infection.
4. 1997: Determination of world HIV vaccine days
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End pbs.org
CONTINUE READING THE ARTICLE BELOW
Editor's Picks
7 Benefits Of Fasting For Cancer Patients, Can Treat From Roots
7 Bad Impacts Of Drinking Coffee When Your Stomach Is Empty, Don't Challenge Your Body
10 Things You Never Do During Menstruation, According To Experts
In addition to developing research, increasing awareness of HIV continues. On May 18, 1997, former US president Bill Clinton made a speech at Morgan State University . Bill Clinton challenged the country to commit to developing an HIV vaccine for the next 10 years, explained the AIDS Info page.
Important initiatives have been carried out such as carrying out international collaborations between countries, creating specialized research centers for HIV vaccines, working with scientists and pharmaceutical companies to maximize this goal. "Only HIV prevention vaccines are truly effective to limit and eliminate the threat of AIDS," said Bill Clinton.
Also Read: 7 Symptoms of HIV or AIDS, Early Realizing Better
5. 1999: Test HIV vaccines in Uganda, Africa
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End sunnewsonline.com
Two years later, in 1999 NIAID began testing the first HIV prevention vaccine in Africa. Uganda is the country chosen to get the opportunity. Estimates of HIV sufferers in Uganda in 1999 were around 350 thousand for men aged 15-49 years, around 400,000 for women aged 15-49 years and 50 thousand for children aged 10-14 years, according to the National Center for Biotechnology page Information .
Even so, holding an HIV vaccine trial in a developing country like Uganda is difficult because there are scientific, social, ethical and logistical obstacles. For example, confusion about differences in vaccines and drugs or thinking that vaccines can protect them from unprotected sex.
6. 2009: Tested with 16 thousand volunteers
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End immunize.org
Year after year the development continues. In 2009, a Phase 3 trial was conducted in Thailand and the results revealed that the combination of several vaccines showed a simple preventive effect on humans. This trial involved around 16,000 volunteers and was the largest study to examine the effects of HIV vaccines, explained the NIAID page.
These volunteers are men and women from the 18-30 year age category. The HIV vaccine tested was RV 144. As a result, volunteers who received the vaccine had a potential 31 percent lower for HIV infection. Vaccination was carried out for 24 weeks in Thailand, then in July 2006 HIV testing was carried out.
7. 2019: Researchers find a new vaccine that can kill the HIV virus
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End raconteur.net
Usually, people with HIV / AIDS will get antiretroviral therapy to treat them. However, recently, scientists have managed to use immune cells to remove the inactive HIV virus from its hiding place and destroy it, explained the Medical News Today page.
Antiretroviral therapy alone makes the virus weaker and people with HIV / AIDS cannot spread it to others. However, the HIV virus actually remains alive, so patients still need to take drugs to prevent it from enlarging. On the other hand, antiretrovirals also have side effects, such as cardiovascular problems, insulin resistance, which have an effect on bone density, liver health, neurological and psychological disorders.
Well, that's the facts about developing an HIV vaccine from the beginning to the present. Hopefully the HIV vaccine will continue to be improved so that we can avoid AIDS, huh!
Research on the HIV vaccine itself began in 3.5 decades ago, precisely in 1984. Throughout that time, there has been a lot of research and development about HIV vaccines. Want to know more? Check out the explanation from beginning to end!
1. 1984: The year in which HIV vaccines began to be developed
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End acadienouvelle.com
The development of an HIV vaccine has taken a long and winding process. This was started from the discovery of the HIV virus as a trigger for AIDS in 1983-1984, researchers then began to develop vaccines to ward off the virus.
In that year, many people believed that vaccines could be developed easily, since at that time technology in the health sector had grown rapidly, according to a journal published on the website of the US National Library of Medicine National Institute of Health .
However, this is not in line with expectations, because most virus vaccines are based on immunity that reacts to protect the body. Meanwhile, in AIDS, virus-induced immunity is unable to prevent re-infection and is not efficient in slowing down the development of the disease.
2. 1987: Clinical testing of HIV vaccines for the first time
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End svt.se
Three years later, precisely in 1987, the first HIV vaccine trial was held. This clinical trial was first opened at the National Institute of Health Clinic (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland. In this first phase of the trial, there were 138 healthy and HIV negative volunteers, said the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases page .
After the vaccine is successfully implemented, it is found that there are no serious side effects. This vaccine trial seeks information about safety, vaccine side effects and provides data on vaccine immunogenicity, including the exact dosage and schedule, explained the AIDS Info page. This phase 1 trial lasts up to two years before moving on to the next stages.
3. 1992: Trial HIV vaccine phase 2 begins
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End la-croix.com
After a successful trial of the first stage of the vaccine, in 1992 the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) carried out the second phase of the trial. This trial involved volunteers who were detected as HIV negative, but with a history of high-risk behavior. Such as injection drug users, have multiple sex partners to have sexually transmitted infections, explained NIAID .
In the second phase of the trial involved 137 volunteers and wanted to examine whether the HIV vaccine was beneficial for people infected with the virus and had a history of high-risk behavior, said AIDS Info. In addition, volunteers are also counseled repeatedly to avoid behaviors that put them at risk for HIV infection.
4. 1997: Determination of world HIV vaccine days
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End pbs.org
CONTINUE READING THE ARTICLE BELOW
Editor's Picks
7 Benefits Of Fasting For Cancer Patients, Can Treat From Roots
7 Bad Impacts Of Drinking Coffee When Your Stomach Is Empty, Don't Challenge Your Body
10 Things You Never Do During Menstruation, According To Experts
In addition to developing research, increasing awareness of HIV continues. On May 18, 1997, former US president Bill Clinton made a speech at Morgan State University . Bill Clinton challenged the country to commit to developing an HIV vaccine for the next 10 years, explained the AIDS Info page.
Important initiatives have been carried out such as carrying out international collaborations between countries, creating specialized research centers for HIV vaccines, working with scientists and pharmaceutical companies to maximize this goal. "Only HIV prevention vaccines are truly effective to limit and eliminate the threat of AIDS," said Bill Clinton.
Also Read: 7 Symptoms of HIV or AIDS, Early Realizing Better
5. 1999: Test HIV vaccines in Uganda, Africa
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End sunnewsonline.com
Two years later, in 1999 NIAID began testing the first HIV prevention vaccine in Africa. Uganda is the country chosen to get the opportunity. Estimates of HIV sufferers in Uganda in 1999 were around 350 thousand for men aged 15-49 years, around 400,000 for women aged 15-49 years and 50 thousand for children aged 10-14 years, according to the National Center for Biotechnology page Information .
Even so, holding an HIV vaccine trial in a developing country like Uganda is difficult because there are scientific, social, ethical and logistical obstacles. For example, confusion about differences in vaccines and drugs or thinking that vaccines can protect them from unprotected sex.
6. 2009: Tested with 16 thousand volunteers
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End immunize.org
Year after year the development continues. In 2009, a Phase 3 trial was conducted in Thailand and the results revealed that the combination of several vaccines showed a simple preventive effect on humans. This trial involved around 16,000 volunteers and was the largest study to examine the effects of HIV vaccines, explained the NIAID page.
These volunteers are men and women from the 18-30 year age category. The HIV vaccine tested was RV 144. As a result, volunteers who received the vaccine had a potential 31 percent lower for HIV infection. Vaccination was carried out for 24 weeks in Thailand, then in July 2006 HIV testing was carried out.
7. 2019: Researchers find a new vaccine that can kill the HIV virus
3 Decades Pass, These 7 Development of HIV Vaccines from Beginning to End raconteur.net
Usually, people with HIV / AIDS will get antiretroviral therapy to treat them. However, recently, scientists have managed to use immune cells to remove the inactive HIV virus from its hiding place and destroy it, explained the Medical News Today page.
Antiretroviral therapy alone makes the virus weaker and people with HIV / AIDS cannot spread it to others. However, the HIV virus actually remains alive, so patients still need to take drugs to prevent it from enlarging. On the other hand, antiretrovirals also have side effects, such as cardiovascular problems, insulin resistance, which have an effect on bone density, liver health, neurological and psychological disorders.
Well, that's the facts about developing an HIV vaccine from the beginning to the present. Hopefully the HIV vaccine will continue to be improved so that we can avoid AIDS, huh!
Categories:
0 comments:
Post a Comment